解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Increased intramuscular triacylglycerol (IMTG) storage is a characteristic of the obese insulin-resistant state. We aimed to investigate whether a blunted fasting or beta-adrenergically mediated lipolysis contributes to this increased IMTG storage in obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Forearm skeletal musc...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0857
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Insufficient development of a new intra-islet capillary network after transplantation may be one contributing factor to the failure of islet grafts in clinical transplantation. The present study tested the hypothesis that the angiostatic factor thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), which is normally present in islets, re...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0724
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Chronic pancreatitis, characterized by pancreatic exocrine tissue destruction with initial maintenance of islets, eventually leads to insulin-dependent diabetes in most patients. Mice deficient for the transcription factors E2F1 and E2F2 suffer from a chronic pancreatitis-like syndrome and become diabetic. Su...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-1577
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Glucagon responses to hypoglycemia from islets transplanted in the liver are defective. To determine whether this defect is related to intrahepatic glycogen, islets from inbred Lewis rats were transplanted into the hepatic sinus (H group), peritoneal cavity (P group), omentum (O group), and kidney capsule (K ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db08-0137
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Malonyl coenzyme A (CoA) decarboxylase (MCD) is a key enzyme responsible for malonyl-CoA turnover and functions in the control of the balance between lipid and glucose metabolism. We utilized RNA interference (siRNA)-based gene silencing to determine the direct role of MCD on metabolic responses in primary hu...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0583
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Accumulation of glomerular matrix proteins is central to the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy, with resident mesangial cells (MCs) known to upregulate matrix protein synthesis in response to high glucose. Because activation of the GTPase RhoA has been implicated in matrix upregulation, we studied its role...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-1149
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Islet-reactive CD8(+) T-cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes in the NOD mouse. The predominant T-cell specificities change over time, but whether similar shifts also occur after clinical diagnosis and insulin treatment in type 1 diabetic patients is unknown. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHOD...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-1594
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The presence of autoantibodies to islet antigens GAD and/or tyrosine phosphatase 2 (IA-2) in type 2 diabetic patients (latent autoimmune diabetes in adults [LADA]) identifies subjects at high risk to develop insulin dependency. The aim of this study was to dissect humoral anti-IA-2 immune response in Caucasia...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2337/db07-0874
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The gene encoding the alpha2 Heremans-Schmid glycoprotein (AHSG) is a credible biological and positional candidate gene for type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome, and previous attempts to relate AHSG variation with type 2 diabetes and obesity in Swedish and French Caucasians have been largely successful....
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2337/db07-0558
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Insulin resistance associated with obesity and diabetes is ameliorated by specific overexpression of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle. The molecular mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle GLUT4 expression remain to be elucidated. The purpose of this study was to examine these mechanisms. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0843
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (Diabetes 44:968-983, 1995) presented statistical models suggesting that subjects with similar A1C levels had a higher risk of retinopathy progression in the conventional treatment group than in the intensive treatment group. That analysis has been cited to support...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2337/db07-1618
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Mutations in the insulin (INS) gene can cause neonatal diabetes. We hypothesized that mutations in INS could also cause maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) and autoantibody-negative type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:We screened INS in 62 probands with MODY, 30 probands with suspected MODY,...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-1467
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a growth and differentiation factor for mature beta-cells and their precursors. However, the overall effect of GLP-1 on increasing beta-cell mass in both in vivo and in vitro conditions is relatively small, and augmenting this effect would be beneficial for the treatment or ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-1414
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Adipose tissue serves as an integrator of various physiological pathways, energy balance, and glucose homeostasis. Forkhead box-containing protein O subfamily (FoxO) 1 mediates insulin action at the transcriptional level. However, physiological roles of FoxO1 in adipose tissue remain unclear. RESEARCH DESIGN...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0698
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Since vascular dysfunction is a main trait of obese subjects, in the present study we evaluated the vascular impact of resistin, a recently discovered hormone markedly increased in obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:We performed our analysis on aortic and mesenteric segments from young and old C57BL/6 mice...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0557
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Emerging data demonstrate that maternal diabetes has long-term health consequences for offspring, including the development of hypertension. In adults, circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) participate in vascular repair, and EPC numbers and function inversely correlate with the risk of developing v...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-1507
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) R230C variant is associated with low HDL cholesterol levels, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome in Mexican-Mestizos. Because a pivotal role for ABCA1 in pancreatic beta-cell function was recently observed in the mouse model, we assessed the association of this ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2337/db07-0484
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Vaspin was identified as an adipokine with insulin-sensitizing effects, which is predominantly secreted from visceral adipose tissue in a rat model of type 2 diabetes. We have recently shown that vaspin mRNA expression in adipose tissue is related to parameters of obesity and glucose metabolism. However, the ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-1045
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Insulin resistance in skeletal muscle is a major risk factor for type 2 diabetes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle insulin resistance and the insulin-sensitizing effect of thiazolidinediones in PCOS in vivo are less well characterized....
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0706
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Insulin stimulates glucose transport in skeletal muscle by GLUT4 translocation from intracellular compartments to sarcolemma and t-tubules. We studied in living animals the recruitment of GLUT4 vesicles in more detail than previously done and, for the first time, analyzed the steady-state recycling and subseq...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db06-1578
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We examined the relationship between the expression of thrombospondin (TSP)1, an antiangiogenic factor and regulator of transforming growth factor-beta activity, obesity, adipose inflammation, and insulin resistance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:TSP1 gene expression was quantified in subcutaneous adipose tiss...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0840
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Normal human myocardium switches substrate metabolism preference, adapting to the prevailing plasma substrate levels and hormonal milieu, but in type 1 diabetes, the myocardium relies heavily on fatty acid metabolism for energy. Whether conditions that affect myocardial glucose use and fatty acid utilization,...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-1199
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LO), one of a family of fatty acid oxidoreductase enzymes, reacts with polyenoic fatty acids to produce proinflammatory lipids. 12/15-LO is expressed in macrophages and pancreatic beta-cells. It enhances interleukin 12 production by macrophages, and several of its products induce apo...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0830
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitors lower blood glucose in diabetic subjects; however, the mechanism of action through which these agents improve glucose homeostasis remains incompletely understood. Although glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) represent im...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0697
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In the present study, we aimed to validate the type 2 diabetes susceptibility alleles identified in six recent genome-wide association studies in the HHEX/KIF11/IDE (rs1111875), CDKN2A/B (rs10811661), and IGF2BP2 (rs4402960) loci, as well as the intergenic rs9300039 variant. Furthermore, we aimed to character...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2337/db07-0856
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is used to assess the progression of renal disease. We performed linkage analysis to localize genes that influence GFR using estimated GFR data from the San Antonio Family Diabetes/Gallbladder Study. We also examined the effect of genotype by diabetes interaction (G x DM) on t...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db06-0984
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Offspring of mothers with type 1 diabetes (OT1DM) demonstrate increased fat deposition, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperleptinemia in utero. We examined the influence of maternal diabetes on cord lipids at birth and relationship to body composition, cord insulin, leptin, and other hormonal measures. RESEARCH DESI...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0585
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Offspring of mothers with diabetes are at risk of obesity and glucose intolerance in later life. In adults, markers of subclinical inflammation (C-reactive protein [CRP] and interleukin [IL]-6) and endothelial activation (intracellular adhesion molecule [ICAM]-1) are associated with obesity and higher risk fo...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0662
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this work was to determine the pattern of genes regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1 alpha) in human adipocytes and the involvement of PPARalpha and PPARgamma in PGC-1 alpha transcriptional action. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:Primary c...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db06-1465
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:CD8(+) T-cells specific for islet antigens are essential for the development of type 1 diabetes in the NOD mouse model of the disease. Such T-cells can also be detected in the blood of type 1 diabetic patients, suggesting their importance in the pathogenesis of the human disease as well. The development of pe...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0332
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Melanocortin 3 receptor (MC3R) plays a critical role in weight regulation of rodents, but its role in humans remains unclear. The objective of this study was to identify genetic variants of the MC3R gene and determine its association with childhood obesity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:We screened 201 obese c...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0225
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibodies against islet cell antigens are used as predictive markers of type 1 diabetes, but it is unknown whether they reflect an ongoing autoimmune process in islet tissue. We investigated whether organs from adult donors that are positive for autoantibodies (aAbs) against islet cell antigens exhibit insulitis and/...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0416
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) aggregation plays a major role in the development of islet amyloidosis in type 2 diabetes. It is known that extracellular hIAPP oligomers are toxic to pancreatic beta-cells and associated with apoptosis. We therefore investigated the molecular mechanism by which extrace...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0178
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Physiologically elevated insulin concentrations promote access of macromolecules to skeletal muscle in dogs. We investigated whether insulin has a stimulating effect on the access of macromolecules to insulin-sensitive tissues in humans as well. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:In a randomized, controlled trial, ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2337/db07-0238
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Adiponectin is an adipocyte-specific secretory protein found in circulation in several different forms and is present at significantly lower levels in the plasma of diabetic patients compared with that of insulin-sensitive individuals. We wanted to test whether insulin per se is a contributing factor toward l...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0185
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The transition of an individual from normoglycemia to diabetes has generally been thought to involve either moderate or rapid changes in glucose over time, although few studies have analyzed these changes. We sought to determine whether a general pattern of glucose change exists in most individuals who become...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0053
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the unique features of beta-cells is their relatively low expression of many antioxidant enzymes. This could render beta-cells susceptible to oxidative damage but may also provide a system that is sensitive to reactive oxygen species as signals. In isolated mouse islets and INS-1(832/13) cells, glucose increase...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db06-1601
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) is well known for its role in cholesterol efflux and HDL formation, it is expressed in various tissues, where it may have different functions. Because hypoalphalipoproteinemia is highly prevalent in Mexico, we screened the ABCA1 coding sequence in Mexican individual...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db06-0905
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes and obesity are two metabolic diseases characterized by insulin resistance and a low-grade inflammation. Seeking an inflammatory factor causative of the onset of insulin resistance, obesity, and diabetes, we have identified bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as a triggering factor. We found that normal endoto...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db06-1491
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The expansion of adipose tissue mass seen in obesity involves both hyperplasia and hypertrophy of adipocytes. However, little is known about how adipocytes, adipocyte precursors, blood vessels, and stromal cells interact with one another to achieve adipogenesis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:We have developed ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db06-1749
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00